Fundamentals of Wastewater Treatment and Engineering
Rumana Riffat
Language: English
Pages: 359
ISBN: 0415669588
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
As the world’s population has increased, sources of clean water have decreased, shifting the focus toward pollution reduction and control. Disposal of wastes and wastewater without treatment is no longer an option. Fundamentals of Wastewater Treatment and Engineering introduces readers to the essential concepts of wastewater treatment, as well as the engineering design of unit processes for the sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater.
Filling the need for a textbook focused on wastewater, it first covers history, current practices, emerging concerns, and pertinent regulations and then examines the basic principles of reaction kinetics, reactor design, and environmental microbiology, along with natural purification processes. The text also details the design of unit processes for primary, secondary, and advanced treatment as well as solids processing and removal. Using detailed calculations, it discusses energy production from wastewater.
Comprehensive and accessible, the book addresses each design concept with the help of an underlying theory, followed by a mathematical model or formulation. Worked-out problems demonstrate how the mathematical formulations are applied in design. Throughout, the text incorporates recent advances in treatment technologies.
Based on a course taught by the author for the past 18 years, the book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students who have some knowledge of environmental chemistry and fluid mechanics. Readers will get a strong grounding in the principles and learn how to design the unit processes used in municipal wastewater treatment operations. Professionals in the wastewater industry will also find this a handy reference.
FUNDAMENTALS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ENGINEERING RUMANA RIFFAT A SPON PRESS BOOK FUNDAMENTALS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ENGINEERING RUMANA RIFFAT A SPON PRESS BOOK Co-published by IWA Publishing Alliance House, 12 Caxton Street, London SW1H 0QS, UK Tel. +44 (0)20 7654 5500, Fax +44 (0)20 7654 5555 publications@iwap.co.uk www.iwapublishing.com ISBN13 9781780401317 CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway
treatment plants involve mostly biochemical and biological reactions, e.g. activated sludge reactor, membrane bioreactor. There are three types of ideal reactors: (1) batch reactor, (2) plug flow reactor (PFR), and (3) continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The hydraulics and conversion efficiencies of these reactors can be determined using mathematical models. Models developed for ideal reactors can be further modified to represent real-life processes and flow conditions for reactors used
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curve can be produced. This is illustrated in the following example. EXAMPLE 4.6 An industrial process discharges its effluent into a stream. It is desired to determine the effects of the waste discharge on the dissolved oxygen concentration of the stream. k1 at 20°C is 0.23 d –1, and k 2 at 20°C is 0.43 d –1. The characteristics of the stream and industrial wastewater are given below. Characteristics Flow rate, m /s Temperature, °C Dissolved oxygen, mg/L BOD5 at 20°C 3 Stream Industrial
withdrawn from all the ports and analyzed for suspended solids concentration. The percent removal at ith time interval for jth port is given by C R ij = 1 − ij × 100% Co (7.16) where: Co = initial concentration of suspension, mg/L Cij = concentration at ith time interval for sample from jth port, mg/L 108 Fundamentals of wastewater treatment and engineering ∆h1 Depth ∆h2 50% 60% 70% ∆h3 80% 90% ∆h4 Time (b) (a) Figure 7.2 (a) Settling column, (b) isoremoval lines