Doctrine and Doxography: Studies on Heraclitus and Pythagoras (Sozomena: Studies in the Recovery of Ancient Texts)

Doctrine and Doxography: Studies on Heraclitus and Pythagoras (Sozomena: Studies in the Recovery of Ancient Texts)

David Sider, Dirk Obbink

Language: English

Pages: 372

ISBN: 3110331381

Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub


This volume contains the proceedings of a conference on the Presocratic philosophers Pythagoras and Heraclitus. Investigated by a team of international scholars are key problems in doxography, Pythagorean Communities, logos, harmony, psychology, flux, number theory, ethics, and theology. Designed for all students of ancient philosophy, this volume will spur further investigations into these cardinal concerns of early Greek scientific thinkers.

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removed—“minuses.” For example, there are the ancient lawgivers Zaleucus of Locri and Charondas of Catane, who seemed to be associated with Pythagoras by the Pythagorean communities in Locri and Rhegium as early as the fifth century. This means that Aristoxenus’ sources (fr. 17, 43 Wehrli) reflect a respectful but unreliable historical tradition. Another famous duo are the miracle-workers, Aristeas and Abaris. Aristeas of Proconnesus, a shadowy figure from the late seventh century BC, was the

Others of this same group say there are ten principles, which they arrange in parallel columns—limit and unlimited, odd and even, one and plurality, right and left, male and female, resting and moving, straight and curved, light and darkness, good and bad, square and oblong. (tr. based on Revised Oxford Translation) N13 contrasts with the rest, and is marked as being the view of “others of this same group,” that is, other Pythagoreans. The remaining texts are concerned with numbers as principles

Aristotle mentions some of the connections the Pythagoreans discovered between numbers and things which could be used in support of C1.7: first, “likenesses” between numbers and the things that are C1.3, with examples C1.4, and second, attributes and ratios of harmonic intervals which they discovered in numbers C1.5. Consequently (d^)61 all other things appeared to be made in the likeness of numbers C1.6, and numbers seemed to be primary in all nature C1.7. The first thing to notice is that

Metaph. 987a22 – 27 (= C2.6-C2.9) which points out that it follows for the Pythagoreans that if things are identical with numbers, then one thing will be many. 105 Also compare C4.1 “they saw many attributes of numbers belonging to sensible bodies” with C1.3 “in these [viz. numbers] they thought they observed many likenesses to the things that are and that come to be.” 106 p. 95. 98 Richard McKirahan exclusively (or even mainly, perhaps) with sensible bodies. Those like myself who think that

is death for souls to become wet’ [B 77]” (in Plat. Res. 2.270.30), and, most importantly, the paraphrase (4) in the above synoptic table where Heraclitus equates incarnate life with the soul’s death. This equation makes it clear that the transmitted t]qxim lµ h\matom must be wrong; one should read, with H. Diels, E (W. Kranz’ ja_ is paleographically less likely). That Porphyry, who borrows here from Numenius, read E (or ja_) is indicated by his paraphrase of B 77 (in Tim. i, fr. 13.10 Sodano):

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